When dealing with change management, there are several models to make the change happen. John P. Kotter 8 steps model is one of the most popular. In his research , he found that 70% of change programs fails, so he derived this checklist. Step 1: Create a sense of urgency Examining the market and competitive realities Identifying and discussing crises, potential crises or major opportunities Basically, this first step is an attempt to answer to the following question: why do we need to change? And why now? If I take the example of the financial services, following the 2008 crisis, regulators put more pressure on banks. Some banks are not only too big to fail, they are also too big to serve well the client while remaining managed centrally from the headquarters. Over the past decade, several banks launched a Lean initiative. The rationale behind this was to promote Operational excellence as a way to remain competitive. But one of the common mistak